Abstract

The study was designed to assess the therapeutics of ethyl acetate fraction of Phyllanthus amarus leaves on induced nephron toxicity. Arsenic used for in-vivo induction, is a toxic heavy metal. It occurs as environmental and food/feed contaminant causing public and animal’s health hazards and Doxorubicin was used as in-vitro comparative cytotoxic study with P. amarus fraction on kidney epithelial and fibroblast cells. Results showed significant elevation of kidney function test (KFT) parameters alongside the antioxidant enzymes which were greatly decreased. The renal tissue histogram showed severe degeneration and necrosis accompanied by severe congestions and multifocal hemorrhages in the intoxicated rats. But from the treatment groups, the post administration of high dose (300mg/kg), provided significant decrease in the kidney function test indexes and increased activity of the enzymes. Furthermore, it was observed that, the cytotoxic effect of the sample fraction on kidney epithelial cells was lesser with IC50 of 47.0±0.02 to that of doxorubicin (1.8±0.04) and no toxic effect on fibroblast as compared with Doxorubicin (5.0±0.01). Histopathological examination showed mild necrosis on the treated kidney architecture. Conclusively, by the in vivo evaluation of antioxidant activity, KFT assessment with promising anti-cytotoxic and cell viability demonstrated by P. amarus leaves fraction against arsenic and doxorubicin, the plant fraction showed antinephropathic potential.